
Lewis Walduck
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Champlevé is an ancient enamelling method in which recesses are incised, cast, or stamped into a metal surface—typically copper or bronze—and then filled with coloured glass paste that is fired and polished flush with the surface. Unlike cloisonné, which builds up compartments using wire, champlevé carves into the base material itself. The technique flourished in Romanesque art, notably in the Mosan and Limoges workshops of the 12th century, where it was used to decorate religious vessels, reliquaries, and caskets. In earlier Celtic contexts, a related method was employed for decorative fittings and weaponry, with vivid red inlays imitating coral. Over time, opaque enamels became standard, especially blue, owing to their visual strength and compatibility with heat-darkened copper.